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Question1
Command System activity report (sar)

The sar command is defined to have the general task of collecting, reporting or rather saving the information resulted from the system activities. The sar command initiates the writing onto the standard data/ information output the selected information regarding a cumulative activity counter performed in the operating system. The command is applicable in the sense of displaying the reports according to the duration that the system takes in writing the information. In the accounting system, the values can be outlined in count and the interval parameters and in this case the system will write the information depending on the intervals in seconds’ time. When the interval parameter is set at zero, then the sar command will only display the average statistics for the duration from the time the system was started. On the other hand the system interval parameter is defined and specified in absence of a count parameter then the sar command will generate reports continuously. Sar command is used for real time monitoring of the linux system performance in statistics (Prasad, 2014. The sar command is also applicable in collecting and storing information upon analysis bottlenecks are easily identified (Nataraj, 2011).

The Unix “Who” command

The who command is very useful for the display and printing of the information that related to the end users of the systems that are currently logged in the system. The who commands is executed for a duration of approximately 5 minutes and in the displays it displays the following information. the list of the users logged in the system, the time of the last boot, a list of dead processes, the list of login processes, counting of the login names and generally displaying the information of the logged on end users. The purpose of the who command is to display the end users logged on the systems. if person bypasses the server you can use the command to determined the persons that logged on your server (Gite, 2014).

Question 2A
Cumulative statistics
The cumulative statistics is described under cumulative probability and the cumulative frequency as well. The cumulative frequency defines the number of observations made that lies either above or below the particular value defined in the data set. And it is achieved or rather calculated by the use of the frequency distribution table.teh cumulative frequency is the same as the cumulative percentages though the percentage is advantaged with the power of easily comparing the sets of data. The cumulative probability is described as the probability that describes the value within a random variable will tend to fall within a specified value range.

Database metrics
Database metrics describes the activities undertaken about monitoring the performance of the database. The performance metrics are applied in the assessment of the health of the enterprise database. The metrics can focus on eth business transactions, the query performance, user and query conflicts, the capacity, configuration and the NoSQL databases (Habib, 2015). At times, the metrics are defined as long-term o average and they include the throughput, execution time, the concurrency and utilization.

Question 2B
Automatic workload capture feature
The workloads capture module s quite applicable in the monitoring of the external users activities and related transactions. The feature facilitates monitoring by recording the entire requests made by the database external users to the Oracle database. Once the feature is enabled, all the request done by the external users are redirected and stored in the capture files and this will facilitate the tracking of the transaction done by the external users. The capture files stores the information of SQL text, the bind values and the transaction information (Oracle, n.d).

Automatic performance diagnostic feature
The feature is applied when a problem is felt to have occurred within the database and thus the necessity of performing accurate and timely diagnosis of the developed problem before any measure of making changes.Teh automatic database diagnostic monitor undertakes an analysis of a top down series with the prior identification of the symptoms and then refining the symptoms until the cause of the performance problem is determined.

Global engineering R&D services outsourcing market is anticipated to reach more than USD 650 billion by 2025 according to a new report published by Polaris Market Research. The major factors which are driving this market is the access to low cost highly skilled resources which can work towards complex tasks of not only designing and testing but also on validation, simulation and execution. Companies are moving from business process outsourcing to knowledge process outsourcing and major industry verticals such as automotive, consumer electronics, semiconductors, aerospace and telecom are providing huge opportunities to the consulting companies.

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The traction of offshore outsourcing can be seen owing to the low cost and added capabilities from the service providers. There are dedicated ER&D service providers which are not only providing basic services but also, they are jointly investing with the companies to expand their businesses in growing markets and geographies. Companies are also focusing on expanding their market reach along with faster turnaround times from these providers. These are some of the major advantages for the companies to outsource their services.

The market for ER&D services has evolved from outsourcing of simple low-cost engineering services to capacity augmentation. At present companies are focusing more on reduced timelines, increased productivity and quality of outsourcing services. Countries such as India, China are among the biggest markets for ER&D service providers. Growing number of engineering professionals every year coupled with low cost of service have pushed the market for ER&D Outsourcing in this region.

Companies in North America and Europe are considered to spend more on these services however, Asia Pacific is the largest market for the ER&D service providers. Countries such as India and China have pushed the market for ER&D and are estimated to continue the trend over the forecast period. Applications in the automotive, telecom, consumer electronics and aerospace segments is considered to have large market share in 2017. There has been an increase in adoption in the offshore services as compared to onsite service due to low costs and highly skilled professionals on the offshore locations. The offshore outsourcing type would grow at a higher rate during the forecast period as compared to its counterpart.